Response-spectrum analysis of a two-dimensional rigid frame
Full response-spectrum pipeline verified on the canonical two-dimensional rigid-frame benchmark
Technical features tested
- Response-spectrum analysis (RSA)
- Modal + spectrum + SRSS / CQC
- ElasticTimoshenkoBeam frame element
- Per-mode inertia-force solve + force recovery
- Periods · displacements · bending moments
- Bending-only · concentrated mass · 5% damping
Problem description
The response-spectrum analysis of a two-dimensional rigid frame is the classical textbook RSA benchmark, adopted as CSI SAP2000 Verification Example 1-020 with the independent solution from Chopra, Dynamics of Structures (1995), Example 13.11. A single-bay, two-story fixed-base plane frame carries concentrated floor masses (2m, m) and is excited by a 5%-damped response spectrum in the horizontal direction. It exercises the entire STRIX RSA path: the modal solve, a per-mode inertia-force static analysis with element force recovery, spectral scaling, and the SRSS and CQC modal combinations. Following the reference, only bending deformations are retained (axial and shear made rigid via the section stiffness modifiers) and the mass acts in X only; the concentrated masses enter through the production Loads-to-Masses path. The reference is reproduced directly at its own 8-element discretisation.
Geometry, properties & loading
Geometry
- Bays
- 1
- Storeys
- 2
- Bay width
- 240 in
- Storey height
- 120 in
Member & mass
- E
- 3000 ksi
- I (base)
- 1000 in⁴
- Deformation
- Bending only
- Mass
- 2m, m (X only)
Loading & dynamics
- Excitation
- Response spectrum
- Damping
- 5 %
- Combination
- SRSS · CQC
- Active DOF
- Ux, Uz, Ry
Reference solution
- Period — mode 1
(K − ω²M)·φ = 0, T = 2π/ω= 1.562 s - Displacement Ux — joint 3 (roof)
u = √(Σ (Γ_m·Sa_m/ω_m²·φ_m)²)= 18.81 in - Moment — story-1 column base (jt 1)
M = √(Σ M_m²)= 12624 kip·in
CSI SAP2000 Software Verification, Example 1-020 (Response-Spectrum Analysis of a Two-Dimensional Rigid Frame); independent solution = Chopra, "Dynamics of Structures" (1995), Ex. 13.11, p.521. A single-bay, two-story fixed-base plane frame under a 5%-damped response spectrum, bending deformations only (shear/axial ignored), mass excited in X only. Reference values (Chopra) are the two periods, the SRSS lateral displacements, and the SRSS column/beam bending moments.
Results comparison
| Response quantity | Probe | STRIX | Reference | Δ | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period — mode 1 (s) | SRSS · s | 1.56213 | 1.562 | +0.0080% | PASS |
| Period — mode 2 (s) | SRSS · s | 0.58681 | 0.5868 | +0.0020% | PASS |
| Displacement Ux — joint 2 (floor 1) (in) | SRSS · in | 7.579 | 7.566 | +0.165% | PASS |
| Displacement Ux — joint 3 (roof) (in) | SRSS · in | 18.844 | 18.81 | +0.183% | PASS |
| Moment — story-1 column base (jt 1) (kip·in) | SRSS · kip·in | 12640 | 12624 | +0.126% | PASS |
| Moment — story-2 column base (jt 2) (kip·in) | SRSS · kip·in | 6025 | 6024 | +0.016% | PASS |
| Moment — floor-1 beam at column (jt 2) (kip·in) | SRSS · kip·in | 9813 | 9792 | +0.219% | PASS |
| Moment — roof beam at column (jt 3) (kip·in) | SRSS · kip·in | 5224 | 5220 | +0.079% | PASS |
Modal combination
| Method | Roof Ux (in) | Δ |
|---|---|---|
| SRSS | 18.844 | +0.183% |
| CQC | 18.83 | +0.108% |
The reference (Chopra) uses the SRSS modal combination; §6 compares STRIX’s SRSS response to it. This table runs STRIX’s independent CQC combination (Der Kiureghian) on the same per-mode responses and reports the governing roof displacement under each method. The two modes are well separated (T₁/T₂ ≈ 2.66), so CQC and SRSS agree closely and both land within tolerance of the same independent reference — verifying both combination paths, not only the one the reference happens to use.
Conclusion
STRIX reproduces the periods, SRSS displacements and column/beam bending moments of the canonical CSI 1-020 / Chopra 13.11 frame to better than a quarter of a percent — as closely as SAP2000 does. This verifies the complete STRIX response-spectrum pipeline: the modal solve, the per-mode inertia-force analysis with element force recovery, the spectral scaling, and both the SRSS and CQC modal combinations — the core of STRIX’s seismic-analysis capability.
References & analysis files
- CSI SAP2000 Software Verification, Example 1-020 — Response-Spectrum Analysis of a Two-Dimensional Rigid Frame.
- A. K. Chopra, Dynamics of Structures, Ex. 13.11, p.521 (Prentice Hall, 1995) — independent solution.
- E. L. Wilson, A. Der Kiureghian & E. P. Bayo, EESD 9(2), 1981 — CQC modal-combination rule. STRIX harness: buildRsaPy → opensees.pyd → rsa_modal.bin.
- Engine
- v1.0.6 (opensees.pyd)
- Run date
- 2026-08-19
- Record
- records/SR1.json
- Evidence archive
- verif-evidence-eng1.0.6-win-x64.zip · SR1/
- sha256
- (pending publish)